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Table 1 Baseline characteristics by gender

From: Gender difference in the impact of gynoid and android fat masses on the progression of hepatic steatosis in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes

 

Female (N = 116)

Male (N = 178)

P values

Age (years)

65 ± 9

65 ± 10

0.915

SBP (mmHg)

125 ± 15

129 ± 14

0.032

DBP (mmHg)

72 ± 14

77 ± 12

0.002

Body mass index (kg/m2)

24.5 ± 4.7

25.0 ± 4.2

0.314

Grip strength (kg)

18.7 ± 5.4

31.5 ± 8.2

< 0.001

Skeletal muscle index

5.9 ± 0.9

7.2 ± 1.1

< 0.001

Total fat mass (kg)

22.2 ± 8.6

21.1 ± 8.2

0.281

Total non-fat mass (kg)

33.8 ± 5.4

46.5 ± 7.1

< 0.001

Andoroid (kg)

2.0 ± 1.0

2.2 ± 1.1

0.104

Gynoid (kg)

3.3 ± 1.2

2.9 ± 1.3

0.004

Andoroid (%)

8.3 ± 1.9

9.8 ± 1.8

< 0.001

Gynoid (%)

15.0 ± 2.8

13.4 ± 1.4

< 0.001

Body fat (%)

38.8 ± 7.4

30.3 ± 6.8

< 0.001

VFA (cm2)

119 ± 61

150 ± 71

< 0.001

SFA (cm2)

192 ± 88

145 ± 86

< 0.001

Liver attenuation index

1.15 ± 0.31

1.10 ± 0.34

0.445

Duration of diabetes (years)

6 (5–7)

8 (6–9)

0.059

HbA1c (mmol/mol)

54 ± 12

57 ± 11

0.143

HbA1c (%)

6.9 ± 1.5

7.2 ± 1.4

0.143

Triglycerides (mmol/l)

1.58 (1.7–1.80)

1.74 (1.56–1.80)

0.275

HDL cholesterol (mmol/l)

1.65 ± 0.55

1.45 ± 0.40

< 0.001

LDL cholesterol (mmol/l)

3.16 ± 0.89

2.77 ± 0.72

0.012

AST (U/l)

29 (25–33)

28 (23–30)

0.605

ALT (U/l)

28 (23–32)

29 (26–33)

0.556

γ-GTP (U/l)

46 (36–57)

64 (54–74)

0.020

Uric acid (μmol/l)

284 (271–297)

337 (325–348)

< 0.001

eGFR (ml/min/1.73 m2)

74.8 ± 23.3

72.9 ± 20.8

0.456

Log ACR (mg/g)

1.59 ± 0.59

1.52 ± 0.62

0.355

PDR (%)

8

5

0.217

History of CVD (%)

5

15

0012

C-reactive protein (mg/l)

0.19 (0.16–0.25)

0.21 (0.13–0.28)

0.716

Insulin (%)

26

24

0.801

Sulfonylureas (%)

11

16

0.263

Biguanides (%)

24

23

0.859

Alpha-GIs (%)

3

7

0.218

Glinides (%)

4

3

0.689

TZDs (%)

3

4

0.820

DPP4 inhibitors (%)

29

30

0.815

GLP1 receptor agonists (%)

1

2

0.366

SGLT2 inhibitors (%)

0

1

0.851

ARBs (%)

32

38

0.290

Calcium channel blockers (%)

32

34

0.750

Statins (%)

37

31

0.347

Anti-platelet agents (%)

8

17

0.023

  1. Abbreviations: ACR albumin-to-creatinine ratio, ALT alanine transaminase, ARBs angiotensin receptor blockers, AST aspartate transaminase, CVD cardioivascular disease, DBP diastolic blood pressure, DPP4 dipeptidyl peptidase 4, eGFR estimated glomerular filtration ratio, GIs glycosidase inhibitors, GLP1 glucagon-like peptide-1; GTP, glutamyl transpeptidase, HDL high-density lipoprotein, LDL low-density lipoprotein, PDR proliferative diabetic retinopathy, SBP systolic blood pressure, SFA subcutaneous fat area, SGLT2 sodium-glucose cotransporter 2, TZDs thiazolidinediones, VFA visceral fat area