| Female (N = 116) | Male (N = 178) | P values |
---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 65 ± 9 | 65 ± 10 | 0.915 |
SBP (mmHg) | 125 ± 15 | 129 ± 14 | 0.032 |
DBP (mmHg) | 72 ± 14 | 77 ± 12 | 0.002 |
Body mass index (kg/m2) | 24.5 ± 4.7 | 25.0 ± 4.2 | 0.314 |
Grip strength (kg) | 18.7 ± 5.4 | 31.5 ± 8.2 | < 0.001 |
Skeletal muscle index | 5.9 ± 0.9 | 7.2 ± 1.1 | < 0.001 |
Total fat mass (kg) | 22.2 ± 8.6 | 21.1 ± 8.2 | 0.281 |
Total non-fat mass (kg) | 33.8 ± 5.4 | 46.5 ± 7.1 | < 0.001 |
Andoroid (kg) | 2.0 ± 1.0 | 2.2 ± 1.1 | 0.104 |
Gynoid (kg) | 3.3 ± 1.2 | 2.9 ± 1.3 | 0.004 |
Andoroid (%) | 8.3 ± 1.9 | 9.8 ± 1.8 | < 0.001 |
Gynoid (%) | 15.0 ± 2.8 | 13.4 ± 1.4 | < 0.001 |
Body fat (%) | 38.8 ± 7.4 | 30.3 ± 6.8 | < 0.001 |
VFA (cm2) | 119 ± 61 | 150 ± 71 | < 0.001 |
SFA (cm2) | 192 ± 88 | 145 ± 86 | < 0.001 |
Liver attenuation index | 1.15 ± 0.31 | 1.10 ± 0.34 | 0.445 |
Duration of diabetes (years) | 6 (5–7) | 8 (6–9) | 0.059 |
HbA1c (mmol/mol) | 54 ± 12 | 57 ± 11 | 0.143 |
HbA1c (%) | 6.9 ± 1.5 | 7.2 ± 1.4 | 0.143 |
Triglycerides (mmol/l) | 1.58 (1.7–1.80) | 1.74 (1.56–1.80) | 0.275 |
HDL cholesterol (mmol/l) | 1.65 ± 0.55 | 1.45 ± 0.40 | < 0.001 |
LDL cholesterol (mmol/l) | 3.16 ± 0.89 | 2.77 ± 0.72 | 0.012 |
AST (U/l) | 29 (25–33) | 28 (23–30) | 0.605 |
ALT (U/l) | 28 (23–32) | 29 (26–33) | 0.556 |
γ-GTP (U/l) | 46 (36–57) | 64 (54–74) | 0.020 |
Uric acid (μmol/l) | 284 (271–297) | 337 (325–348) | < 0.001 |
eGFR (ml/min/1.73 m2) | 74.8 ± 23.3 | 72.9 ± 20.8 | 0.456 |
Log ACR (mg/g) | 1.59 ± 0.59 | 1.52 ± 0.62 | 0.355 |
PDR (%) | 8 | 5 | 0.217 |
History of CVD (%) | 5 | 15 | 0012 |
C-reactive protein (mg/l) | 0.19 (0.16–0.25) | 0.21 (0.13–0.28) | 0.716 |
Insulin (%) | 26 | 24 | 0.801 |
Sulfonylureas (%) | 11 | 16 | 0.263 |
Biguanides (%) | 24 | 23 | 0.859 |
Alpha-GIs (%) | 3 | 7 | 0.218 |
Glinides (%) | 4 | 3 | 0.689 |
TZDs (%) | 3 | 4 | 0.820 |
DPP4 inhibitors (%) | 29 | 30 | 0.815 |
GLP1 receptor agonists (%) | 1 | 2 | 0.366 |
SGLT2 inhibitors (%) | 0 | 1 | 0.851 |
ARBs (%) | 32 | 38 | 0.290 |
Calcium channel blockers (%) | 32 | 34 | 0.750 |
Statins (%) | 37 | 31 | 0.347 |
Anti-platelet agents (%) | 8 | 17 | 0.023 |