From: Socio-demographic trends in overweight and obesity among parous and nulliparous women in Ghana
 | Parous women | Nulliparous women | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2003 (N = 3271) | 2008 (N = 2859) | 2014 (N = 2898) | 2003 (N = 1563) | 2008 (N = 1521) | 2014 (N = 1370) | |
Characteristic | % | % | % | % | % | % |
Age group (years) | ||||||
 15–24 | 12.4 | 13.2 | 24.4 | 11.9 | 14.2 | 15.2 |
 25–34 | 29.1 | 36.6 | 47.9 | 28.3 | 36.2 | 52.0 |
 35–44 | 38.1 | 43.6 | 55.1 | 51.5 | 48.7 | 73.5 |
 45+ | 34.1 | 41 | 52.7 | 30.3 | 60.3 | 69.1 |
Educational level | ||||||
 No education | 18.0 | 21.9 | 27.5 | 11.8 | 14.8 | 18.4 |
 Primary | 35.0 | 35.3 | 47.8 | 13.0 | 14.3 | 8.5 |
 Middle/JSS/JHS | 31.5 | 43.4 | 54.8 | 15.5 | 17.9 | 17.0 |
 Secondary/higher | 41.3 | 72.3 | 66.6 | 18.3 | 36.8 | 36.7 |
Marital status | ||||||
 Never married | 12.8 | 29.3 | 33.4 | 12.9 | 16.4 | 19.7 |
 Married | 31.3 | 37.4 | 50.0 | 31.1 | 39.8 | 59.4 |
 Cohabiting | 25.3 | 27.5 | 40.8 | 21.3 | 28.4 | 39.9 |
 Previously married | 31.3 | 42.5 | 56.1 | 38.6 | 30.7 | 74.4 |
Wealth quintile | ||||||
 Poorest | 8.9 | 12.7 | 15.9 | 2.6 | 8.4 | 4.3 |
 Poorer | 15.6 | 18.5 | 31.3 | 2.7 | 7.8 | 7.6 |
 Middle | 23.0 | 30.3 | 45.5 | 5.3 | 9.1 | 21.1 |
 Richer | 38.2 | 50.9 | 63.9 | 16.3 | 24.5 | 29.1 |
 Richest | 63.5 | 66.4 | 75.3 | 25.1 | 26.4 | 38.6 |
Occupation | ||||||
 Not working | 27.7 | 33.4 | 37.6 | 11.4 | 10.7 | 15.3 |
 Prof/managerial | 48 | 46.4 | 67.9 | 22.5 | 32.5 | 47.5 |
 Sales/trade | 45.2 | 48.3 | 61.0 | 24.2 | 30.8 | 29.2 |
 Agric | 14.1 | 18.6 | 21.9 | 4.9 | 11.2 | 6.2 |
 Manual labour | 30.4 | 32.4 | 51.7 | 18.0 | 20.9 | 29.6 |
Type of locality | ||||||
 Urban | 46.8 | 52.4 | 60.0 | 19.3 | 23.5 | 29.2 |
 Rural | 18.1 | 23.3 | 34.9 | 7.7 | 11.1 | 14.6 |
Ethnicity | ||||||
 Akan | 33.2 | 40.9 | 55.9 | 15.4 | 17.7 | 26.4 |
 Ga/Adangme | 47.1 | 43.6 | 58.4 | 18.5 | 32.8 | 32.8 |
 Ewe | 31.7 | 40.4 | 44.8 | 14.6 | 15.0 | 26.3 |
 Mole-Dagbani | 13.2 | 22.9 | 27.8 | 11.1 | 12.1 | 13.6 |
 Gurma | 6.2 | 5.7 | 18.2 | 12.3 | 10.1 | 10.1 |
 Others | 26.7 | 33.6 | 48.5 | 16.0 | 25.0 | 17.6 |
Number of children | ||||||
 1 | 23.7 | 30.1 | 40.7 | - | - | - |
 2 | 36.9 | 39.2 | 54.8 | - | - | - |
 3 | 32.3 | 36.9 | 54.4 | - | - | - |
 4 | 35.6 | 40.7 | 50.7 | - | - | - |
 5 | 31.1 | 39.8 | 42.8 | - | - | - |
 6 | 24.0 | 33.0 | 50.0 | - | - | - |
 7+ | 26.5 | 31.8 | 35.8 | - | - | - |
 Total | 30.1 | 36.0 | 47.9 | 15.2 | 18.5 | 23.6 |