From: Obesity trends by industry of employment in the United States, 2004 to 2011
 | Overall | Black women | White women | Black men | White men |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | % (95 % CI) | % (95 % CI) | % (95 % CI) | % (95 % CI) | % (95 % CI) |
Overall sample size | 136,923 | 15,277 | 58,784 | 10,023 | 52,839 |
Obese | 30 (29.3–30.1) | 46 (45.3–47.6) | 27 (26.3–27.4) | 35 (34.0–36.5) | 29 (28.7–29.7) |
Age group | |||||
 18–49 | 29 (28.8–29.8) | 45 (43.7–46.5) | 25 (24.6–26.0) | 39 (37.5–40.9) | 29 (28.1–29.6) |
 50–64 | 33 (32.3–33.6) | 51 (48.9–53.2) | 30 (29.3–31.2) | 35 (32.4–37.0) | 33 (32.0–33.9) |
  ≥ 65 | 25 (24.4–25.6) | 41 (39.0–43.7) | 24 (23.0–24.8) | 29 (26.9–31.8) | 24 (22.8–24.7) |
Educational attainment | |||||
  < High school | 33 (32.5–33.8) | 47 (45.7–49.2) | 31 (30.2–32.1) | 35 (32.7–37.3) | 33 (31.6–33.4) |
 High school graduate | 37 (35.3–37.8) | 53 (50.6–55.8) | 35 (32.8–37.0) | 37 (34.0–40.1) | 34 (31.9–35.3) |
 Some college | 32 (31.1–32.4) | 46 (44.1–48.0) | 29 (28.2–30.0) | 36 (33.9–38.4) | 32 (30.5–32.5) |
  ≥ College | 22 (21.9–23.0) | 40 (37.3–42.4) | 19 (18.4–20.0) | 34 (30.4–37.5) | 23 (22.5–24.1) |
Marital status | |||||
 Married | 29 (28.7–29.6) | 46 (44.2–47.9) | 26 (24.8–26.2) | 38 (36.2–40.1) | 31 (30.0–31.2) |
 Divorced/separated/widowed | 31 (30.3–31.6) | 47 (45.4–49.0) | 29 (28.3–30.1) | 34 (32.1–36.4) | 28 (26.7–28.8) |
 Never married | 31 (29.8–31.8) | 46 (43.7–48.5) | 33 (31.0–34.4) | 33 (29.5–36.0) | 25 (23.3–26.2) |
Living in poverty | 38 (36.4–38.6) | 51 (48.7–53.1) | 38 (35.9–39.4) | 34 (31.2–37.0) | 31 (28.7–32.9) |
Household income < $35,000 | 35 (34.0–35.3) | 50 (48.2–51.0) | 35 (33.6–35.5) | 34 (32.2–35.4) | 30 (28.7–30.8) |
Class of worker | |||||
 Private wage | 30 (29.6–30.5) | 46 (45.1–47.8) | 28 (27.0–28.3) | 34 (32.9–35.8) | 29 (28.8–30.1) |
 Government | 30 (29.8–31.1) | 47 (45.0–49.2) | 26 (25.0–26.9) | 39 (36.1–41.2) | 31 (29.5–32.0) |
 Self employed | 26 (24.7–26.6) | 41 (35.5–46.0) | 22 (20.7–23.5) | 34 (29.0–39.2) | 27 (25.2–27.8) |
Occupation | |||||
 Professional/management | 26 (25.5–26.9) | 42 (38.8–45.3) | 24 (22.5–24.5) | 35 (31.8–38.6) | 27 (25.6–27.5) |
 Support services | 28 (27.9–28.9) | 46 (44.9–47.7) | 26 (25.5–26.8) | 34 (31.5–36.8) | 27 (26.1–28.2) |
 Laborers | 34 (33.2–34.3) | 49 (46.6–50.7) | 33 (31.6–33.9) | 36 (34.4–37.2) | 32 (31.4–32.8) |
Industry | |||||
 Manufacturing/construction | 31(30.5–31.6) | 47 (44.0–49.6) | 28 (26.6–28.9) | 35 (33.4–36.9) | 31 (30.1–31.6) |
 Retail | 30 (28.6–30.6) | 44 (39.7–47.5) | 28 (26.4–29.3) | 33 (27.8–38.2) | 29 (27.7–31.0) |
 Finances/information | 27 (26.0–28.1) | 42 (38.0–46.1) | 26 (24.9–28.1) | 32 (26.7–37.7) | 25 (23.6–26.7) |
 Profess/admin/man | 27 (26.0–28.1) | 43 (39.4–47.0) | 25 (23.4–26.3) | 32 (27.4–36.2) | 27 (24.9–28.1) |
 Education | 26 (25.0–26.8) | 46 (42.8–49.0) | 22 (20.9–23.3) | 38 (33.4–42.8) | 28 (25.6–29.5) |
 Health care | 32 (31.3–33.1) | 51 (48.5–52.9) | 30 (28.7–30.9) | 37 (31.8–41.7) | 25 (22.4–26.7) |
 Accommodation and food | 31 (29.4–32.8) | 48 (43.2–51.9) | 29 (27.1–31.5) | 33 (27.6–39.2) | 28 (24.5–30.9) |
 Public administration, arts | 31 (29.8–31.5) | 44 (41.8–46.8) | 27 (25.3–27.8) | 39 (35.9–42.2) | 30 (29.0–32.0) |
Health behaviors | |||||
 Sleep duration |  |  |  |  |  |
   < 7 h | 34 (33.6–34.9) | 49 (47.2–50.7) | 32 (31.0–33.0) | 38 (35.6–39.9) | 33 (31.8–33.8) |
  7 to 9 h | 27 (26.9–27.7) | 45 (43.2–46.0) | 24 (23.7–24.9) | 34 (32.5–35.7) | 27 (26.8–28.0) |
   > 9 h | 37 (35.1–38.9) | 51 (46.4–55.7) | 36 (32.8–38.5) | 34 (28.3–39.0) | 35 (32.0–38.4) |
 Smoking status |  |  |  |  |  |
  Never | 30 (29.4–30.5) | 47 (45.7–48.5) | 26 (25.8–27.2) | 38 (36.1–40.2) | 30 (28.2–29.8) |
  Current | 32 (31.5–32.9) | 53 (50.6–56.2) | 29 (27.9–29.9) | 39 (36.6–41.5) | 33 (31.9–33.7) |
  Former | 25 (24.5–25.8) | 39 (36.2–41.2) | 24 (23.3–25.3) | 26 (23.9–27.9) | 24 (22.9–25.0) |
 Alcohol consumption |  |  |  |  |  |
  Never | 34 (32.6–34.4) | 47 (45.2–49.2) | 31 (29.8–32.3) | 35 (31.5–37.9) | 30 (28.7–32.0) |
  Current | 27 (26.6–27.5) | 43 (41.2–45.0) | 24 (23.0–24.3) | 35 (32.8–36.6) | 28 (27.2–28.5) |
  Former | 36 (34.9–36.6) | 50 (46.6–52.6) | 35 (34.1–36.7) | 36 (33.7–39.2) | 34 (32.2–35.1) |
 Leisure-time physical activity | |||||
  Never/unable | 36 (34.9–36.1) | 48 (46.8–50.0) | 34 (33.4–35.4) | 36 (32.7–34.5) | 34 (32.7–34.5) |
  Low | 30 (29.2–30.5) | 46 (43.8–47.6) | 26 (25.6–27.2) | 38 (35.6–40.4) | 30 (29.3–31.2) |
  High | 23 (22.7–23.9) | 43 (40.6–45.1) | 20 (19.2–20.8) | 32 (29.3–34.2) | 24 (23.0–24.7) |
Clinical characteristics | |||||
 Hypertension (yes) | 45 (44.5–45.8) | 58 (56.2–59.4) | 43 (42.2–44.5) | 47 (45.2–49.2) | 44 (42.6–44.6) |
 Diabetes (yes) | 58 (56.8–59.4) | 69 (67.0–72.0 | 58 (55.7–60.0) | 56 (52.4–58.7) | 56 (53.4–57.9) |
 Heart disease (yes) | 36 (34.7–36.9) | 55 (51.3–57.7) | 33 (31.7–34.9) | 43 (38.2–47.3) | 35 (33.4–36.8) |
 Cancer (yes) | 29 (28.1–30.5) | 49 (44.2–52.8) | 29 (27.0–30.2) | 44 (36.2–52.3) | 28 (25.5–29.8) |
Health status | |||||
 Excellent/very good | 22 (22.0–22.9) | 36 (34.3–37.4) | 19 (18.7–19.9) | 30 (27.9–31.4) | 23 (22.7–23.9) |
 Good | 38 (37.7–39.0) | 50 (48.2–51.9) | 37 (36.0–38.0) | 38 (36.0–40.6) | 37 (36.4–38.3) |
 Fair/poor | 46 (44.6–46.5) | 60 (57.6–61.8) | 45 (43.4–46.5) | 43 (40.2–45.5) | 43 (41.1–44.2) |
Region of country | |||||
 Northeast | 28 (27.2–29.0) | 44 (40.3–46.9) | 25 (23.7–26.4) | 34 (31.2–37.1) | 29 (27.7–30.3) |
 Midwest | 31 (30.4–31.9) | 45 (43.0–47.0) | 29 (28.3–30.5) | 37 (33.7–40.1) | 31 (30.1–31.8) |
 South | 31 (30.6–31.8) | 48 (46.5–49.4) | 27 (26.1–27.9) | 35 (33.5–36.5) | 30 (29.0–31.0) |
 West | 26 (24.8–26.3) | 43 (39.0–47.0) | 24 (23.2–25.4) | 34 (29.4–37.8) | 25 (24.1–26.4) |